Improvement in brick and tile machines



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. MQKENZIE Brick and Tile Machine.

No. 203,284, Patented 'Mav 7,.187

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4 Sheets-Sheet, 2. J. 0-. MGKENZIE Brick and Tile Machine.

No. 203.284. Patented May 7,1878.

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, 4 SheetsSheet 4 J. O. MCKENZIE Brick and Tile Machine.

Patented May 7, I878;

EIERS. FHOTO'LITNOGRAPHER w HINGTON, D. C

p UNITED S'rA'rEs PATENT, OFFICE.

JOSEPH O. MCKENZIE, OF ADRIAN, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK AND TILE MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 203,284, dated May 7,1878; application filed March 14, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osEPH O. MCKENZIE, of Adrian, in the county ofLenawee and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Brick and Tile Machines; and I do hereby declare thatthe fol lowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

This invention relates to certain improvements in brick and tilemachines; and consists in mechanism of peculiar construction and thenovel arrangement of parts, all of which will be hereinafter more fullyset forth.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to de scribe itsconstruction and operation, reference beinghad to the accompanyingdrawings,which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1is a side elevation of my machine. Fig. 2 is a view with the top of thetemperingchamberremoved, showing the radial knives and screw. Fig. 3 isa front view with the cuttin g-table removed. Fig. 4is a section takenon line at m of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectiontaken on liney 3 of Fig. 3.Fig. 6 is an enlarged section, taken on line 00 y of Fig. 1 transverselythrough the cutting-table. Fig. 7 is a perspective view, showing one ofthe dissecting-table rollers with one of the sleeves removed. Fig. 8 isa central vertical section through the pulverizing-chamber, showing thebrick-molds in position, which is. also in section. Fig. 9 is 'aperspective view of the brick-molds and Fig. 10 is a view with thebearing-cap removed, showing the slotted and perforated washers attheend of the grinding-shaft. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of thesleeve.

This invention'belongs to that class of machines in which the temperedclay is forced from the tempering-chamber in the form of a cylinder orslab, which is afterward cut into lengths forming tile or bricks.

Into the chamber B extends a tapering shaft, F. The outer end of thisshaft is supported in boxes G and H. Theinner end rests in a suitablesocket, a, in an adjustable corebar, G. The ends of the core-bar restand are adjustable in bearings b b on the inner opposite sides of thechamber B. This shaft F is provided with any desired number of sleevesI, looking into each other by means of aprojecting lug entering asuitable recess of the ad joining sleeve, as shown, which are providedwith radial knives J, set at an angle to work and mix as well as pressthe clay forward. The forward end of the shaft F is provided with asleeve, K, which looks with the sleeve I, as shown, constructed with oneor more spiral blades, L, forming a screw to force the clay through thedies.

On the shaft F, under the back plate of the hopper, is arranged acollar, F. This collar is rigidly attached to the shaft, and looks withthe sleeves to prevent them from turning on the shaft when the machineis set in motion.

The sleeveKis heldrigidly in place by means of a square end upon theshaft F, upon which the sleeve is closely fitted. The sleeves I, beinglocked to the sleeve K, are also made to revolve with the shaft. Thesleeve-s I and K are held in position and prevented from working forwardby a cap, 0, secured to the end of the shaft F. This cap passes into thesocket a, forming a skein to protect the screw-thread,

and a spindle for supporting this end of the shaft.

The outer end of the shaft F, between the vertical standards of theframe A and A, is

providedwith a cog-wheel, M, with which meshes a pinion, N, keyed on acounter-shaft, 0, arranged on a plane a little above the top of theshaft F. The bearings P for support ing this shaft may be madeadjustable by a screw, wedge, or other suitable device, in order that itmay be lowered or raised 1n front of the cog-wheel M, and a large orsmall pinion, N, used, the object being to diminishthe speed and giveincreased power to the grinding-shaft, as may be desired. Thiscountershaft 0 is also provided with a pulley, Q,wit11 which connects aband extending from any suitable power for running the machine.

The cap R of the bearing G is provided with a series of perforations, d,for the admission of oil to the shaft-spindle. The end plate Sisconstructed with an oil-passage, e, for feeding oil to theshaft-spindle,.and a series of washers. The latter are arranged betweenthe end of said spindle and the end of plate S, and in this instanceconsist of three washers, f j k, as shown in Fig. 10 of drawings. Thewasher f has a rib, g, on one side, that fits into a suitable recess inthe end plate S, as shown. The other side is provided with a series ofgrooves, h, radiating from the center and extending to the periphery,and an opening, 45, is cut through the center, and serves as anextension of the oil-passage c. The washer j has also a perforatedcenter, but plain sides. The washer 7c is constructed with a rib on oneside, which fits into a recess in the end of the spindle. The other sideis provided with a series of grooves similar to the washer f, but has asolid center. By this arrangement the oil is conducted to the center ofeach of the three washers, and distributed to the peripheries, fromwhence it finds its way to the shaft-spindle and lubricates itsbearing-surface.

When the machine is in motion the washer is revolves with thegrinding-shaft and the washer f remains stationary. The washer j servesto prevent friction or wearing of the end of the shaft-spindle. Thegrooves h and perforations i keep the washers supplied with oil, andprevent them from being worn by the backward pressure of thegrinding-shaft,whioh is caused by the radial grinding-knives and screw.

In the extension E of the tempering-chamber B a dod-plate, T, extendingover the end of .the tempering-chamber, is held by rods 1, attached tothe inner surface of the temperin g-chamber at M, and extending throughthe lugs of the follower or guard-plate p, and through the dod-platenear the outer edge, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of drawing. One or morewashers, n, are placed upon the rods, between the plate and the nuts 0,so as to permit of the adjustment of the dod-plate to or from the screw,as the quality of the clay may require. Four set-screws, I, pass throughthe sides of the end E, and bear upon the flanged rim of the dod-plate,and serve as a means for adjusting the dod-plate with reference to thecores V.

A follower or guard-plate, 0, fitting the end E snugly, is insertedbetween the dod-plate and the end of the tempering-chamber, for thepurpose of preventing the escape of tempered clay through any openingcaused by the adjustment of the dod-plate. This guard-plate extends buta short distance inward from the edge of the dod-plate, and is providedwith lugs that travel and fit upon the rods 1, as shown in Fig. 4 anddotted line of Fig. 3 of drawings. The guard is also secured to the dodplate by means of screws q passing through a slot in that plate.

The dod-plate T is constructed with an elon- The screw-bolts to passfrom the outer end' through the center of the cores and washers into thecore-bar, into which a thread is cut, permitting of the adjustment ofthe core to or from the screw by taking off or putting on washers andtightening the screw-bolt.

When it is desired to run off slabs of clay to be cut into bricks, themold W (shown in Fig. 9) is used in place of the dods U and cores V.This mold is provided with a smaller mold, made by the partitions Y,which project a suitable distance on each side of the mold, and,

being inserted in the center, as shown in Fig.

9, divide the clay into three parts or sections, each of which forms aslab when the machine is in operation.

The object ofinsertingthepartitionsYand extending the ends of theirsides beyond the mold both back and front is to provide additionalfriction to obviate or prevent the middle slab of clay from runningfaster than the side slabs, which it will do if the molds are all ofequal dimensions.

As the slabs of clay pass through the molds they are received on acutting-table, Z, where they are cut up into bricks. This table consistsof a frame, B, having one end secured to the tempering-chamber B and theother supported by legs 0 provided with screw-thread, upon which areplaced nuts D. This end of the frame properly rests on the nuts D, whichmay be screwed up or down to adjust the frame B to any required height.The end of the frame B secured to the tempering-chamber B is alsoadjustably supported by screws E held in arm F, upon which are placednuts G for elevating or depressing the frame B.

Upon the frame B is placed a carriage, H, which isprovided with anydesired number of rollers, I. Near the front of the carriage issupported, by two vertical arms, J, a roller, K, provided with springsL, which may be depressed by thumb-screws M, to adjust the roller K asdesired. These rollers are provided with one or more sleeves, O. Therollers serve as an axle, upon which said sleeves have an independentmovement. Under the rollers I, and supported by two cross-pieces, P, ofthe carriage H, is a bar, Q, having secured to each end a frame, B, ofpeculiar shape, constructed of any suitable material.

Thepeculiar formation of these frames, when constructed as. shown inFigs. 1 and 6 of drawings, greatly improves their efficiency and therapidity of their movement by an increased ratio of weight when swungfrom their normal position.

These frames R are each provided with a hollow handle, S, up throughwhich pass vertical ends of a horizontally-arranged bar, T. The verticalends of this bar T are provided with screw-thread and nuts U, by whichit may be adjusted to tighten the cutting-wireV. The upper ends of thesewires are secured to collars W adjustably arranged on the bar T, and thelower ends are secured to a lug upon the adjustable collars X on the barQ by means of thumb-nut and screw-bolt Y. The bar Q should be madesquare, in order to prevent the collars X from turning, and hold thecollars X in such position as to allow of their manipulation.

The adjustment necessary to cut tile of varying lengths, and to enablethis device to be used for ordinary brick, is effected by removing therollers from the frame, loosening the thumb-nut, and moving the collarsW and X to the desired point upon the bars T and Q.

The tempering-chamber is securely held in position by rods A extendingfrom the two vertical uprights of the frame A, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2of drawings.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a brick or tile machine, the combination of the extension E and anadjustable dodplate, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the guard 19 and dodplate, said guard beingconstructed and arranged to prevent clay from passing around the sidesof the dod-plate, substantially as described.

3. The core-bar G, adjustable and removable, which also serves as abearing for the front end of the grinding shaft, substantially as shownand described.

4. In a brick and tile machine, a tapering shaft, F, substantially asdescribed, provided with an angular end, and gradually enlarging in itsdiameter as the point is receded from, so as to facilitate the removalof the sleeves.

5. The combination of a tapering grindingshaft having a flattened orangular end, substantially as described, with the sleeve K, constructedwith spiral blades L, as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

6. The collar F, rigidly attached to the shaft, and provided with aninterlocking lug, in combination with the sleeve I, substantially asshown and described.

7. The combination of the carriage H, vertical arms J, roller K, andspring L, substantially as shown and described.

8. The combination of a tapering grindingshaft having a flat end, andprovided with detachable radial grinding-knives, and :a forcingscrewwith the cap 0, for holding the sleeves in place, and serving as aspindle for supporting this end of the grinding-shaft, substantially asdescribed.

9. The combination of the washers f, j, and 7c, constructedsubstantially as described, with the shaft F and bearing G, providedwith a perforated cap, R, as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination of the grinding-shaft, in a brick or tile machine,with the countershaft 0, supported by bearings and arranged a suitabledistance above the grinding-shaft, substantially as shown, and for thepurpose set forth.

11. In a brick or tile machine, a tapering grinding-chamber, providedwith a hopper, 0, extension E, and detachable back 1], all constructedand arranged substantially as shown and described.

12. A brick-mold provided with partitions Y, extending out of the mold,substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination of the screw-posts O and E, provided with nuts D andG, for adjustably supporting the cutting-table, as set forth.

14.. The combination of the table-frame B with the carriage H androllers I, provided with one or more sleeves, O, substantially asdescribed.

15. The combination of the carriage H with the bar Q, and frame R,substantially as shown and described.

16. The combination of the frame R, handle S, adjustable bar T, andmovable collars W with the table-frame B, carriage H, bar Q, collars X,thumbscrews Y, and wires V, all constructed, arranged, and operatingsubstantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

17. In a brick or tile machine, a temperingchamber, B, provided with aremovable top, D, substantially as described.

18. The brick-molds W, having the center mold constructed withprojecting sides, and of a smaller size than the section on either side,substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH 0. MCKENZIE.

Witnesses:

ORSAMUS LAMIB, JESSE OHAMBERLIN.

